Strong High Order Diffraction of Guided Modes in Micro-Cavity Light-Emitting Diodes With Hexagonal Photonic Crystals

Photonic crystals (PhCs) have now been firmly established as an efficient means for light extraction from light emitting diodes (LEDs). We analyze the diffraction properties from thin GaN micro-cavity LEDs with hexagonal lattices that feature three guided TE modes only. In contrast to common design...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE journal of quantum electronics 2009-12, Vol.45 (12), p.1517-1523
Main Authors: Bergenek, K., Wiesmann, C., Zull, H., Rumbolz, C., Wirth, R., Linder, N., Streubel, K., Krauss, T.F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Astronomy
Crystal lattices
Diffraction
Electronics
Etching
Exact sciences and technology
Extraction
Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications)
Gallium nitride
Gallium nitrides
Hexagonal lattice
InGaN
Lattices
Light emitting diodes
light-emitting diode
Mathematical models
microcavity
Optical materials
Optics
Optoelectronic devices
Photonic band gap
Photonic bandgap materials
photonic crystal
Photonic crystals
Physics
Semiconductor electronics. Microelectronics. Optoelectronics. Solid state devices
Tellurium
Variability
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Summary:Photonic crystals (PhCs) have now been firmly established as an efficient means for light extraction from light emitting diodes (LEDs). We analyze the diffraction properties from thin GaN micro-cavity LEDs with hexagonal lattices that feature three guided TE modes only. In contrast to common design rules, we find that high order diffraction contributes significantly to the light extraction and increases the directionality of the emitted light. The implementation of the PhC leads to an enhancement in light extraction by a factor of up to 1.8 and the directionality of the light is greatly improved with a radiant intensity enhancement factor of 4.3, which can only be explained by the higher order diffraction that has been hitherto neglected. Furthermore, we show that higher order diffraction contributes significantly to the high azimuthal extraction uniformity we observe, suggesting that the use of quasi-crystal lattices is not necessary. We use a model including mode absorption where each in-plane angle of the guided modes is treated separately in order to explain the experimental results.
ISSN:0018-9197
1558-1713
DOI:10.1109/JQE.2009.2021958