Unsupervised Locating of WiFi Access Points Using Smartphones

WiFi positioning systems require radio maps in the form of either RF fingerprints or positions of WiFi access points (APs). In particular, knowledge of the AP positions is essential to enable a locating mechanism as well as to understand the nature of underlying WiFi networks, such as density, conne...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on human-machine systems 2012-11, Vol.42 (6), p.1341-1353
Main Authors: KOO, Jahyoung, CHA, Hojung
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Artificial intelligence
Autonomous and unsupervised learning
Computer science
control theory
systems
Computer systems and distributed systems. User interface
Cybernetics
Density
Estimation
Exact sciences and technology
IEEE 802.11 Standards
Indoor
Management
multidimensional scaling (MDS)
Networks
Position measurement
Positioning
Quantization
Radio
Radio frequency
Sensors
Smart phones
Smartphones
Software
WiFi access point map
WiFi positioning system
Wireless access points
Wireless networks
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Summary:WiFi positioning systems require radio maps in the form of either RF fingerprints or positions of WiFi access points (APs). In particular, knowledge of the AP positions is essential to enable a locating mechanism as well as to understand the nature of underlying WiFi networks, such as density, connectivity, interference characteristics, and so on. In this paper, we propose an approach called Serendipity, which locates WiFi APs in an unsupervised manner using radio scans collected by ordinary smartphone users. From the radio scans, we extract dissimilarities between all pairs of WiFi APs and estimate relative positions of APs by analyzing the dissimilarities based on a multidimensional scaling technique. We then find the absolute positions with additional radio scans whose positions are known. The discovered positions of WiFi APs are used for the positioning of smartphones or the management of the WiFi networks. To validate the proposed approach, we conducted experiments on several indoor locations.
ISSN:1094-6977
2168-2291
1558-2442
2168-2305
DOI:10.1109/TSMCC.2012.2186800