A Distributed PMU for Electrical Substations With Wireless Redundant Process Bus

Protection and measurement systems in electrical substations are required to have high availability. In an all-digital substation protection system, all the components (instrument transformers, processing units, merging units, intelligent electronic devices, communication network, and synchronizatio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on instrumentation and measurement 2015-05, Vol.64 (5), p.1149-1157
Main Authors: Castello, Paolo, Ferrari, Paolo, Flammini, Alessandra, Muscas, Carlo, Pegoraro, Paolo Attilio, Rinaldi, Stefano
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Availability
communication latency measure
hybrid network
IEEE 802.11
IEEE 802.11 Standards
phasor measurement unit (PMU)
Phasor measurement units
process bus
substation automation system (SAS)
Substations
Synchronization
synchrophasor
Wireless communication
wireless LAN
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Summary:Protection and measurement systems in electrical substations are required to have high availability. In an all-digital substation protection system, all the components (instrument transformers, processing units, merging units, intelligent electronic devices, communication network, and synchronization source) may affect the overall availability level. In this paper, a solution to enhance distributed PMU availability, during wired network failures, is presented. In the proposed scheme, the process bus has two parallel networks: 1) the classic wired Ethernet link and 2) a wireless link (implemented with industrial grade IEEE 802.11 devices), for sampled values packets, which carry measurement information. The time synchronization is carried out only through the wired Ethernet link, but the proposed solution is still able to compensate temporary failures of one of the communication links. Experimental tests have been performed to verify the performance of additional IEEE 802.11 link using different protocols and configurations. Communication parameters that can affect the PMU performance, like propagation latency, are characterized. It is shown that, if the measurement algorithm is opportunely designed, depending on the wireless link quality, it is possible to comply, with a single output, with M and P classes of the synchrophasor standard also during network restoration or, at least, to safeguard protection applications if higher latency occurs.
ISSN:0018-9456
1557-9662
DOI:10.1109/TIM.2014.2363749