High-Sensitivity In Situ Soot Particle Sensing in an Aero-Engine Exhaust Plume Using Long-Pulsed Fiber-Laser-Induced Incandescence

A method to produce spatially resolved images of the distribution of absorbing particles in the exhaust plume of a modified helicopter gas turbine engine is presented. Over a small region of the plume, in situ sensing of soot particles by laser-induced incandescence (LII) is demonstrated using fiber...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE sensors journal 2016-04, Vol.16 (8), p.2674-2682
Main Authors: McCormick, David, Black, John D., Yutong Feng, Nilsson, Johan, Ozanyan, Krikor B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
aero-engine
ambient sensing
Atmospheric measurements
Diesel engines
Engines
exhaust plume
fiber-laser
Gas turbine engines
Laser beams
laser induced incandescence
Lasers
Measurement by laser beam
Optical fiber sensors
Particle measurements
soot sensing
Vehicle emissions
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Summary:A method to produce spatially resolved images of the distribution of absorbing particles in the exhaust plume of a modified helicopter gas turbine engine is presented. Over a small region of the plume, in situ sensing of soot particles by laser-induced incandescence (LII) is demonstrated using fiber lasers with higher power (~10 W), longer pulse duration (>100 ns), and higher pulse repetition rates (>10 kHz) than the conventional LII. The sensitivity of the method is illustrated by the detection of ambient absorbing particles in background conditions with engine at rest. With a running engine, single-beam images are obtained in 0.01 s. The feasibility of using long-pulsed fiber lasers for soot particle concentration measurement is investigated using a representative laboratory system. The time-resolved LII behavior and the measurement linearity are investigated, demonstrating the suitability of using fiber lasers for soot particle measurement for aero-engine emissions. Results for normalized soot concentration are compared with extractive measurements illustrating good correlation across a range of engine speeds. This paper is the first step toward the development of a non-intrusive system for the measurement of 2-D soot concentration in the cross section of an aero-engine exhaust plume.
ISSN:1530-437X
1558-1748
DOI:10.1109/JSEN.2015.2507702