Noise in current-commutating CMOS mixers

A noise analysis of current-commutating CMOS mixers, such as the widely used CMOS Gilbert cell, is presented. The contribution of all internal and external noise sources to the output noise is calculated. As a result, the noise figure can be rapidly estimated by computing only a few parameters or by...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE journal of solid-state circuits 1999-06, Vol.34 (6), p.772-783
Main Authors: Terrovitis, M.T., Meyer, R.G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Active noise reduction
Circuit noise
Circuits
CMOS
CMOS analog integrated circuits
CMOS technology
Deviation
Frequency conversion
Frequency ranges
Integrated circuit noise
Mathematical analysis
Mixers
Noise
Noise figure
Radio frequency
Switching
Transconductance
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Summary:A noise analysis of current-commutating CMOS mixers, such as the widely used CMOS Gilbert cell, is presented. The contribution of all internal and external noise sources to the output noise is calculated. As a result, the noise figure can be rapidly estimated by computing only a few parameters or by reading them from provided normalized graphs. Simple explicit formulas for the noise introduced by a switching pair are derived, and the upper frequency limit of validity of the analysis is examined. Although capacitive effects are neglected, the results are applicable up to the gigahertz frequency range for modern submicrometer CMOS technologies. The deviation of the device characteristics from the ideal square law is taken into account, and the analysis is verified with measurements.
ISSN:0018-9200
1558-173X
DOI:10.1109/4.766811