The optical calcium frequency standard

An optical wavelength/frequency standard using the intercombination line /sup 3/P/sub 1/-/sup 1/S/sub 0/ of calcium at /spl lambda//spl ap/657 nm as clock transition is described. An ensemble of cold /sup 40/Ca atoms was prepared in a magneto-optical trap utilizing the cooling transition /sup 1/P/su...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on instrumentation and measurement 1999-04, Vol.48 (2), p.613-617
Main Authors: Riehle, F., Schnatz, H., Lipphardt, B., Zinner, G., Trebst, T., Helmcke, J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atom lasers
Atom optics
Atomic beams
Atomic clocks
Calcium
Clocks
Cooling
Frequency
Frequency standards
Instrumentation
Laser stability
Laser transitions
Optical resonators
Reference signals
Wavelengths
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Summary:An optical wavelength/frequency standard using the intercombination line /sup 3/P/sub 1/-/sup 1/S/sub 0/ of calcium at /spl lambda//spl ap/657 nm as clock transition is described. An ensemble of cold /sup 40/Ca atoms was prepared in a magneto-optical trap utilizing the cooling transition /sup 1/P/sub 1/-/sup 1/S/sub 0/ at /spl lambda//spl ap/423 nm. The reference signal for the frequency stabilization was generated by time separated field excitation of the clock transition. Sub-kHz resolution close to the natural linewidth of the transition was observed. The frequency of the standard /spl nu//sub Ca/ determined against the primary cesium (Cs) atomic clock by a phase-coherent chain is /spl nu//sub Ca/=455 986 240 494.13 kHz with a total relative uncertainty of 2.5/spl times/10/sup -13/.
ISSN:0018-9456
1557-9662
DOI:10.1109/19.769670