Ultrasensitive, Parity-Time-Symmetric Wireless Reactive and Resistive Sensors

We propose a new readout paradigm for enhancing the performance of wireless resistive and reactive sensors. Here, we consider a passive resistor-inductor-capacitor sensor that is inductively coupled to an active reader, with the equivalent circuit of the whole telemetry system obeying the space-time...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE sensors journal 2018-12, Vol.18 (23), p.9548-9555
Main Authors: Sakhdari, Maryam, Hajizadegan, Mehdi, Yue Li, Cheng, Mark Ming-Cheng, Hung, Jonathan C. H., Pai-Yen Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
<italic xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">LC sensors
Chemical sensors
Equivalent circuits
Implants
Interrogation
Micromachining
non-invasive sensors
Parity
parity–time symmetry
Q factors
Questioning
Reactance
Reflection
RLC circuits
Sensor systems
sensor telemetry
Sensors
Symmetry
System effectiveness
Telemetry
Wireless communication
Wireless sensor networks
Wireless sensors and actuators
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Summary:We propose a new readout paradigm for enhancing the performance of wireless resistive and reactive sensors. Here, we consider a passive resistor-inductor-capacitor sensor that is inductively coupled to an active reader, with the equivalent circuit of the whole telemetry system obeying the space-time reflection symmetry or the parity-time (PT) symmetry. As inspired by PT-symmetric quantum systems, this circuit has a non-Hermitian effective Hamiltonian that commutes with the antilinear, combined PT operator, where P and T are parity-inversion and time-reversal operators. We demonstrate that the PT-symmetric wireless sensor system, when compared to conventional interrogation techniques using a passive coil antenna, may provide significantly improved quality factor (Q-factor), sensing resolution, and sensitivity in response to the sensor's reactance or resistance variation. Our results may have an impact on various wireless sensing, detection, and imaging systems, particularly for emerging micromachined sensors, miniature implants, wearables, and Internet-of-Things applications.
ISSN:1530-437X
1558-1748
DOI:10.1109/JSEN.2018.2870322