Data Rate Enhancement in Optical Camera Communications Using an Artificial Neural Network Equaliser

In optical camera communication (OCC) systems leverage on the use of commercial off-the-shelf image sensors to perceive the spatial and temporal variation of light intensity to enable data transmission. However, the transmission data rate is mainly limited by the exposure time and the frame rate of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE access 2020-01, Vol.8, p.42656-42665
Main Authors: Younus, Othman Isam, Bani Hassan, Navid, Ghassemlooy, Zabih, Haigh, Paul Anthony, Zvanovec, Stanislav, Alves, Luis Nero, Le Minh, Hoa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptive algorithms
ANN equaliser
Artificial neural networks
Bandwidth
Bandwidths
Bit error rate
Cameras
Commercial off-the-shelf technology
Communications systems
Data transmission
Error correction
Exposure
Lookup tables
Luminous intensity
Neural networks
Neurons
Optical camera communication
Optical imaging
Optical sensors
Radio frequency
rolling shutter
Training
visible light communications
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Summary:In optical camera communication (OCC) systems leverage on the use of commercial off-the-shelf image sensors to perceive the spatial and temporal variation of light intensity to enable data transmission. However, the transmission data rate is mainly limited by the exposure time and the frame rate of the camera. In addition, the camera's sampling will introduce intersymbol interference (ISI), which will degrade the system performance. In this paper, an artificial neural network (ANN)-based equaliser with the adaptive algorithm is employed for the first time in the field of OCC to mitigate ISI and therefore increase the data rate. Unlike other communication systems, training of the ANN network in OCC is done only once in a lifetime for a range of different exposure time and the network can be stored with a look-up table. The proposed system is theoretically investigated and experimentally evaluated. The results record the highest bit rate for OCC using a single LED source and the Manchester line code (MLC) non-return to zero (NRZ) encoded signal. It also demonstrates 2 to 9 times improved bandwidth depending on the exposure times where the system's bit error rate is below the forward error correction limit.
ISSN:2169-3536
2169-3536
DOI:10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2976537