Topology Modeling and Design of a Novel Magnetic Coupling Fault Current Limiter for VSC DC Grids

In a voltage-source converter dc grid, a dc fault current limiter (FCL) is a key apparatus. When faults occur, it is supposed to effectively and immediately suppress transient short-circuit current to protect other equipment, e.g., converters. Additionally, it is required to bring as little negative...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on power electronics 2021-04, Vol.36 (4), p.4029-4041
Main Authors: Nie, Zipan, Yu, Zhanqing, Gan, Zhizheng, Qu, Lu, Huang, Yulong, Zhao, Biao
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Circuits
Constraining
Converters
Coupling
Current limiters
DC power transmission
Direct current
Electric potential
electromagnetic coupling
fault current limiters
Impedance
Inductors
Mathematical models
Modules
Power electronics
Reliability
Short circuit currents
Superconducting magnets
Switches
Topology
Transmission lines
Voltage
Winding
Windings
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Summary:In a voltage-source converter dc grid, a dc fault current limiter (FCL) is a key apparatus. When faults occur, it is supposed to effectively and immediately suppress transient short-circuit current to protect other equipment, e.g., converters. Additionally, it is required to bring as little negative effect as possible under normal operation. Although the respective advantages are highlighted in different FCLs, one or two key disadvantages can significantly decrease the overall performance. In this article, a novel magnetic coupling FCL (MCFCL) is proposed and achieves a good balance among its advantages and disadvantages. An MCFCL consists of a mutual inductor and some power electronic switch modules. The mutual inductor metallic primary winding is connected in series to the transmission line and magnetically coupled with the secondary winding. The secondary side impedance is controlled by the power electronic switch modules. The novel 4-segment model is proposed to demonstrate the current-limiting physics, formulate the current-limiting effect, and support the design. One medium voltage (10 kV) case study is carried out based on the numerical simulation. The MCFCL shows a better current-suppressing effect and a lower impedance under normal operation than the benchmark Reactor FCL. Finally, this article is validated on a scaled-down experimental facility.
ISSN:0885-8993
1941-0107
DOI:10.1109/TPEL.2020.3025461