Adaptive Transmit Waveform Design Using Multitone Sinusoidal Frequency Modulation

This article presents an adaptive waveform design method using multitone sinusoidal frequency modulation (MTSFM). The MTSFM waveform's modulation function is represented as a finite Fourier series expansion. The Fourier coefficients are utilized as a discrete set of design parameters. These des...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems 2021-04, Vol.57 (2), p.1274-1287
Main Author: Hague, David A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation models
Adaptive waveform design
Algorithms
ambiguity function (AF)
Audio frequencies
Bandwidths
Bessel functions
Design methodology
Design modifications
Design optimization
Design parameters
Exact solutions
Fourier series
Frequency modulation
Mathematical model
Mathematical models
multitone sinusoidal frequency modulation
Optimization
Parameter modification
Power amplifiers
Series expansion
Shape
Sidelobes
Sine waves
spectral efficiency (SE)
Thermal expansion
Transmitters
waveform diversity
Waveforms
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Summary:This article presents an adaptive waveform design method using multitone sinusoidal frequency modulation (MTSFM). The MTSFM waveform's modulation function is represented as a finite Fourier series expansion. The Fourier coefficients are utilized as a discrete set of design parameters. These design parameters can be modified to shape the spectrum, auto-correlation function (ACF), and ambiguity function (AF) shapes of the waveform. The MTSFM waveform model naturally possesses the constant envelope and spectral compactness properties that make it well suited for transmission on practical radar/sonar transmitters which utilize high power amplifiers. The MTSFM has an exact mathematical definition for its time-series using generalized Bessel functions which allow for deriving closed-form analytical expressions for its spectrum, AF, and ACF. These expressions allow for establishing well-defined optimization problems that finely tune the MTSFM's properties. This adaptive waveform design model is demonstrated by optimizing MTSFM waveforms that initially possess a "thumbtack-like" AF shape. The resulting optimized designs possess substantially improved sidelobe levels over specified regions in the range-Doppler plane without increasing their time-bandwidth product. Simulations additionally demonstrate that the optimized thumbtacklike MTSFM waveforms are competitive with thumbtacklike phase-coded waveforms derived from design algorithms available in the published literature.
ISSN:0018-9251
1557-9603
DOI:10.1109/TAES.2020.3046086