Safe Turn-Off Strategy for Electric Drives in Automotive Applications

This article proposes a strategy to safely turn-off an electric drive system in case of a fault without destroying the power module and the electric machine. Classic turn-off strategies, such as active short circuit (ASC) and freewheeling (FW), are adopted as state of the art for electric vehicle ap...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on transportation electrification 2022-03, Vol.8 (1), p.9-22
Main Authors: Chandran, Aravind Ramesh, Hennen, Martin D., Arkkio, Antero, Belahcen, Anouar
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Batteries
Capacitors
DC-link capacitor
E-mobility
Electric drives
Electric machines
electric traction system
Electric vehicles
Induction machines
Inverters
Overvoltage
overvoltage protection
power electronics
Rotors
Short circuits
Skin effect
Stator windings
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Summary:This article proposes a strategy to safely turn-off an electric drive system in case of a fault without destroying the power module and the electric machine. Classic turn-off strategies, such as active short circuit (ASC) and freewheeling (FW), are adopted as state of the art for electric vehicle applications. However, these methods cause either high currents in the machine or overvoltage in the dc-link capacitor, the system should be designed to withstand these unwanted effects making them more expensive. The novel method proposed in this study mitigates both overvoltage and overcurrents, thereby achieving a smooth transition from torque control to a safe state. The proposed method can be implemented almost cost neutral with respect to the state-of-the-art methods. In this method, voltage vectors are identified with respect to the position of the current vector, which can either charge or discharge the dc-link capacitor, hence keeping both the dc-link voltage and stator currents to a safe value. The proposed strategy is analyzed through simulations with a combined inverter and machine model. The simulation model includes skin effect loss models that are essential for the accurate calculation of the dc-link voltage. Measurements were done on an electric drive system to validate the strategy.
ISSN:2332-7782
2577-4212
2332-7782
DOI:10.1109/TTE.2021.3104461