Muscle and tendon connective tissue adaptation to unloading, exercise and NSAID

• Published in: Connective tissue research 2014-04, Vol.55 (2), p.61-70
• Main Author: Dideriksen, Kasper
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adaptation, Physiological - drug effects; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - adverse effects; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - therapeutic use; Collagen - biosynthesis; Collagen cross-links; collagen degradation; collagen gene expression; collagen protein synthesis; Exercise; Humans; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism; Muscle, Skeletal - physiopathology; Protein Biosynthesis - drug effects; tendon fibril morphology; tendon hypertrophy; tendon stiffness; Tendons - metabolism; Tendons - physiopathology
• ISSN: 0300-8207; 1607-8438
• DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2013.862527

Abstract The extracellular matrix network of skeletal muscle and tendon connective tissue is primarily composed of collagen and connects the muscle contractile protein to the bones in the human body. The mechanical properties of the connective tissue are important for the effectiveness of which the muscle force is transformed into movement. Periods of unloading and exercise affect the synthesis rate of connective tissue collagen protein, whereas only sparse information exits regarding collagen protein degradation. It is likely, though, that changes in both collagen protein synthesis and degradation are required for remodeling of the connective tissue internal structure that ultimately results in altered mechanical properties of the connective tissue. Both unloading and exercise lead to increased production of growth factors and inflammatory mediators that are involved in connective tissue remodeling. Despite the fact that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs seem to inhibit the healing process of connective tissue and the stimulating effect of exercise on connective tissue protein synthesis, these drugs are often consumed in relation to connective tissue injury and soreness. However, the potential effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on connective tissue needs further investigation.