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The Latest Evidence in the Neuroscience of Solvent Misuse: An Article Written for Service Providers

This work reviews preclinical and clinical studies published during the past two decades on the cellular and behavioral effects of commonly misused solvents. In animals, acute solvent exposure produces motor impairment and antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects. Human intoxication from misusing...

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Published in:	Substance use & misuse 2011-05, Vol.46 (s1), p.62-67
Main Author:	Cruz, Silvia L.
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Subjects:	acute effects Antidepressants Brain chronic effects Drug use Drunkenness Effects Ethanol Evidence-Based Medicine Humans inhalants Male mechanisms of action Mental disorders Nervous System Diseases - chemically induced Neurosciences receptors Solvents Solvents - administration & dosage Solvents - poisoning Substance-Related Disorders - complications toluene
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container_end_page	67
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container_title	Substance use & misuse
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creator	Cruz, Silvia L.
description	This work reviews preclinical and clinical studies published during the past two decades on the cellular and behavioral effects of commonly misused solvents. In animals, acute solvent exposure produces motor impairment and antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects. Human intoxication from misusing solvents is similar to that of ethanol; however, hallucinations and sudden sniffing death may occur at high solvent concentrations. Among chronic misusers, there is evidence of impaired memory, increased prevalence of psychiatric disorders, and neurological damage. Solvents facilitate inhibitory neurotransmission and block excitatory mechanisms. Toluene, in particular, increases brain dopamine levels and its effects occur at concentrations that do not dissolve cell membranes; therefore, neuronal damage is not an immediate, unavoidable consequence of solvent misuse.
doi_str_mv	10.3109/10826084.2011.580215
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source	Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); Taylor and Francis:Jisc Collections:Taylor and Francis Read and Publish Agreement 2024-2025:Medical Collection (Reading list); Sociological Abstracts; SPORTDiscus with Full Text
subjects	acute effects Antidepressants Brain chronic effects Drug use Drunkenness Effects Ethanol Evidence-Based Medicine Humans inhalants Male mechanisms of action Mental disorders Nervous System Diseases - chemically induced Neurosciences receptors Solvents Solvents - administration & dosage Solvents - poisoning Substance-Related Disorders - complications toluene
title	The Latest Evidence in the Neuroscience of Solvent Misuse: An Article Written for Service Providers
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