Burkholderia pseudomallei: In vitro susceptibility to some new and old antimicrobials

The treatment of melioidosis currently involves the use of antimicrobials such as ceftazidime, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin-clavulanate and doxycycline. Evaluation of other antimicrobials with activity against the organism continues to be pursued, however, as the causative organism, B....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases 2007, Vol.39 (10), p.858-861
Main Authors: Karunakaran, Rina, Puthucheary, Savithri D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anti-Bacterial Agents - classification
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Antibacterial agents
Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents
Bacterial diseases
Biological and medical sciences
Burkholderia pseudomallei
Burkholderia pseudomallei - drug effects
Burkholderia pseudomallei - isolation & purification
Haemophilus
Human bacterial diseases
Humans
Imipenem - pharmacology
Infectious diseases
Malaysia
Medical sciences
Melioidosis
Melioidosis - microbiology
Microbial Sensitivity Tests - methods
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Staphylococcus
Thienamycins - pharmacology
Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination - pharmacology
Tropical bacterial diseases
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Summary:The treatment of melioidosis currently involves the use of antimicrobials such as ceftazidime, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin-clavulanate and doxycycline. Evaluation of other antimicrobials with activity against the organism continues to be pursued, however, as the causative organism, B. pseudomallei, may not always be susceptible to the above antimicrobials. This study aimed to test the susceptibility of Malaysian isolates of B. pseudomallei against imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem, moxifloxacin and azithromycin. 80 previously stocked clinical isolates collected between 1978 and 2003 from the UMMC, Kuala Lumpur were tested for in vitro susceptibility to these antimicrobials using the E-test minimum inhibitory concentration method. 100% of isolates were sensitive to imipenem and meropenem, 97.5% were sensitive to trimethoprim-sulfamethozaxole, 37.5% to moxifloxacin, and only a minority was sensitive to ertapenem (7.5%). Using breakpoints for Staphylococcus and Haemophilus, 5.0%-6.3% of isolates were sensitive to azithromycin. In conclusion, our findings support the in vitro efficacy of imipenem, meropenem and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole against B. pseudomallei. Moxifloxacin, ertapenem and azithromycin cannot be recommended for the treatment of melioidosis; however, further studies are needed to test the efficacy of azithromycin in combination with quinolones.
ISSN:0036-5548
1651-1980
DOI:10.1080/00365540701402988