Emerging roles of store-operated Ca2+ entry through STIM and ORAI proteins in immunity, hemostasis and cancer

Store-operated Ca 2+ entry (SOCE) is an important Ca 2+ influx pathway, which is defined by the fact that depletion of intracellular Ca 2+ stores, mainly the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), triggers the opening of Ca 2+ channels in the plasma membrane. The best characterized SOC channel is the Ca 2+ rel...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Channels (Austin, Tex.) Tex.), 2013-09, Vol.7 (5), p.379-391
Main Authors: Bergmeier, Wolfgang, Weidinger, Carl, Zee, Isabelle, Feske, Stefan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptive Immunity
allergy
autoimmunity
Blood Platelets - physiology
calcium
Calcium Channels - physiology
Calcium Signaling - physiology
cancer
CRAC
Hemostasis
Humans
Immunity, Innate
immunodeficiency
Infection - immunology
lymphocytes
Membrane Proteins - physiology
Neoplasm Proteins - physiology
Neoplasms - metabolism
ORAI1
ORAI1 Protein
platelets
Review
STIM1
Stromal Interaction Molecule 1
tumor
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Summary:Store-operated Ca 2+ entry (SOCE) is an important Ca 2+ influx pathway, which is defined by the fact that depletion of intracellular Ca 2+ stores, mainly the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), triggers the opening of Ca 2+ channels in the plasma membrane. The best characterized SOC channel is the Ca 2+ release-activated Ca 2+ (CRAC) channel, which was first described in cells of the immune system but has since been reported in many different cell types. CRAC channels are multimers of ORAI family proteins, of which ORAI1 is the best characterized. They are activated by stromal interaction molecules (STIM) 1 and 2, which respond to the depletion of intracellular Ca 2+ stores with oligomerization and binding to ORAI proteins. The resulting SOCE is critical for the physiological function of many cell types including immune cells and platelets. Recent studies using cell lines, animal models and primary cells from human patients with defects in SOCE have highlighted the importance of this Ca 2+ entry mechanism in a variety of pathophysiological processes. This review focuses on the role of SOCE in immunity to infection, allergy, hemostasis and cancer.
ISSN:1933-6950
1933-6969
DOI:10.4161/chan.24302