Modelling of Islamic Calendar System based on Moon Phase

• Published in: Journal of physics. Conference series 2019-01, Vol.1127 (1), p.12069
• Main Authors: Wahyuni, R, Issaac, G M, Rachmaputri, G, Muchtadi-Alamsyah, I
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Calendars; Lunar phases; Moon; Muslim holidays; Numerical analysis; Ramadan
• ISSN: 1742-6588; 1742-6596
• DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1127/1/012069

The determination of the Islamic calendar system still relies on the Gregorian calendar, so until now, there is no Islamic calendar system prevailing in the international scale. By making function based on synodic period of the Moon, Wada Date (Julian Date version of the Islamic calendar) can be made, and in the end, the Islamic calendar which based purely on the position of the Moon can be reconstructed. The purpose of this modelling is to create an Islamic calendar that has a higher accuracy than the Islamic calendar that we use today. The method that we chose here is the study of literature with the resources that come from articles, books, and internet. As for the analysis of its own data, we chose the numerical analysis method to approach the results of synodic period of the Moon data. From this analysis, we obtained a fact that the graph of synodic period of the Moon turned out to resemble a specific function. Based on the graph from original data, we selected two functions to approach this graph, and we named it the Fourier function and the Moon Phase function. Furthermore, these two functions will be compared to determine which of these functions will be selected. The function that has been selected will be used to make Wada Date which will be used to search for the length of each month in the Islamic calendar. If we have got the length of each month, the last process is to map out the dates for the month to a matrix that would produce an Islamic calendar.