Validation of the diamond detectors for the Super Fragment Separator beam diagnostics

• Published in: Journal of instrumentation 2024-05, Vol.19 (5), p.C05009
• Main Authors: Alfonsi, M., Nociforo, C., Kiš, M., Träger, M., Galvis Tarquino, J., Blatz, T., Karagiannis, C., Winkler, M., Simon, H.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Beam-line instrumentation (beam position and profile monitors, beam-intensity monitors, bunch length monitors); Damage assessment; Detectors; Diamond Detectors; Heavy ions; Irradiation; Performance degradation; Polycrystalline diamond; Polycrystals; Radiation-hard detectors; Single crystals; Solid state detectors; Vacuum chambers
• ISSN: 1748-0221; 1748-0221
• DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/19/05/C05009

The Super-FRS at the FAIR accelerator complex will adopt Chemical Vapor Deposition diamond detectors as radiation-hard particle rate counters. Their role will be to monitor the beam transmission for beams with ions rates up to 10 7 ions/spill and to calibrate the other beam diagnostics devices that are in duty at higher beam intensities. The target vacuum chamber of the Super-FRS hosts a 7 × 7 mm 2 single crystal diamond and a 25 × 25 mm 2 polycrystalline diamond: they are required to detect crossing particles with high efficiency (> 98%) in the case of heavy ion species (Ar to U), and to stand for several years in an environment in which they can potentially accumulate a dose of a few MGy per year. Laboratory measurements and beam test campaigns were arranged in the past years for the validation of the proposed sensors, in particular for the case of the polycrystalline technology. Here we report the outcome of the irradiation of a sensor based on a 20 × 20 mm 2 polycrystalline diamond produced by Element Six, with high intensity 1 GeV/nucleon Pb and U beams at GSI (Darmstadt). The detector signal shape characteristics and the ion counting efficiency have been monitored by interleaving periods of low ions rates, to evaluate possible damages or performance degradation during and after a total bombardment of about 6 × 10 11 heavy ions.