Evidence of a Forming Nucleus in the Fourcade–Figueroa Galaxy

• Published in: The Astrophysical journal 2024-10, Vol.974 (2), p.297
• Main Authors: Dottori, H., Díaz, R. J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Chi-square test; Cosmic dust; Galactic clusters; Galaxies; Infrared analysis; Infrared astronomy; Low-luminosity active galactic nuclei; Luminosity; Magellanic clouds; Massive stars; Star & galaxy formation; Star formation; Statistical tests
• ISSN: 0004-637X; 1538-4357
• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad79fd

We analyze data from the IRAS, Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, and Planck satellites, revealing an unresolved dust condensation at the center of the Fourcade–Figueroa galaxy (ESO270-G017), which may correspond to a forming nucleus. We model the condensation’s continuum spectrum in the spectral range from 3 to 1300 μ m using the DUSTY code. The best-fit model, based on the chi-square test, indicates that the condensation is a shell with an outer temperature of T out ≈ 12 K and an inner boundary temperature of T i ≈ 500 K. The shell’s outer radius is r o = 86.2 pc, and the inner cavity radius is r i = 0.082 pc. The condensation produces an extinction A V = 50 mag, and its luminosity is L c = 1.08 × 10 34 W, which would correspond to a burst of massive star formation approximately similar to the central 5 pc of R 136 in the LMC and NGC 3603, the ionizing cluster of a giant Carina arm H ii region. The comparison with normal, luminous, and ultraluminous IR galaxies leads us to consider this obscured nucleus as the nearest and weakest object of this category.