Embryology of the pineapple, Ananas comosus (L.) Merr

This paper presents observations of gametophyte and seed development in Ananas comosus cv. Masmerah. The anther wall of the pineapple consists of epidermis, endothecium and two middle layers. At maturity one middle layer degenerates and the other, together with the endothecium, develops fibrous thic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The New phytologist 1979-01, Vol.83 (2), p.485-497
Main Authors: Rao, A.N, Wee, Y.C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Embryo sac
Embryos
Endosperm
Epidermal cells
Fertilization
horticultural crops
Integument
Megasporocytes
Mother cells
Ovules
plant anatomy
plant biochemistry
plant morphology
plant physiology
Seeds
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Summary:This paper presents observations of gametophyte and seed development in Ananas comosus cv. Masmerah. The anther wall of the pineapple consists of epidermis, endothecium and two middle layers. At maturity one middle layer degenerates and the other, together with the endothecium, develops fibrous thickenings. The mature tapetal cells are binucleate and are of a glandular type. The microspores are separated during reduction division by cell plate formation. The spore tetrads are mostly isobilateral. The majority of the ovules are anatropous (with 3 to 9% being orthotropous), bitegmic, and crassinucellate. The embro sac develops according to Polygonum type, and the endosperm is of helobial type. In the absence of fertilization many free 'endosperm' nuclei appear scattered about the embryo sac. Embryo development follows the Asterad type and the mature embryo is typically monocotyledonous. The seed coat is formed both from the outer and inner integuments. The seeds mature 120 to 130 days after fertilization.
ISSN:0028-646X
1469-8137