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THE ZADRUGA, A NON-EXPLICIT FORM OF BOSNIAN UTOPIA AT THE END OF THE 19th c
The existence of zadruga-s in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the 19th century is not well evidenced although ethnographers at that time considered it as an established fact. This paradox was noted only in 1913. However, the zadruga have there specific forms due to the strong ottoman and islamic footp...
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Published in: | Revue des études slaves 2020-01, Vol.91 (3), p.307-320 |
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Main Author: | |
Format: | Article |
Language: | fre |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | The existence of zadruga-s in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the 19th century is not well evidenced although ethnographers at that time considered it as an established fact. This paradox was noted only in 1913. However, the zadruga have there specific forms due to the strong ottoman and islamic footprint in the province: it seems that it was considered more as a for-profit contract (ortaklık in ottoman law), instead of an association based on kinship. The Austro-Hungarian administrators (1878-1918) failed to express this complex reality in their legal corpus. it is perhaps this lack of legal form and political consistency that has made zadruga a powerful motif of socialist and nationalist utopias in Bosnia, but never an explicit part of political discourse.
À la différence de la littérature scientifique qui n’établit pas de manière décisive l’existence de zadruga-s en Bosnie-Herzégovine au XIXͤ siècle, les ethnographes de l’époque la considèrent, eux, comme un fait établi. Ce paradoxe a été relevé en 1913 seulement. Pourtant, la zadruga y a des formes spécifiques en raison de la forte empreinte ottomane et islamique dans la province : il semble qu’elle y soit considérée davantage comme un contrat d’association avec but lucratif (l’ortaklık du droit ottoman), que comme une association fondée sur la parenté. Les administrateurs austro-hongrois (1878-1918) n’ont pas su exprimer dans leur corpus juridique cette réalité complexe. C’est peut-être ce manque de forme juridique et de consistance politique qui a fait de la zadruga un motif puissant des utopies socialistes et nationalistes en Bosnie, mais jamais un élément explicite des discours politiques. |
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ISSN: | 0080-2557 2117-718X |