Differential activity of allelochemicals from Secale cereale in seedling bioassays

• Published in: Weed science 2000-05, Vol.48 (3), p.302-310
• Main Authors: Burgos, Nilda R., Talbert, Ronald E.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ABUTH; Allelochemicals; Allelopathy; AMAPA; Amaranthus palmeri; Bioassay; bioassays; BOA; cantaloupes; CASOB; Cover crops; crops; cucumbers; Cucumis melo; Cucumis sativus; Cucurbita pepo; DIBOA; Digitaria sanguinalis; DIGSA; ECHCG; Echinochloa crus-galli; ELEIN; Eleusine indica; Germination; IPOHE; IPOLA; Ipomoea hederacea; Ipomoea lacunosa; Lactuca sativa; lettuce; Pepos; PHYSIOLOGY, CHEMISTRY, AND BIOCHEMISTRY; Root growth; Rye; Secale cereale; Seedlings; Senna obtusifolia; Sida spinosa; SIDSP; Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum; sweetcorn; tomatoes; vegetable crops; Weeds; Zea mays; zucchini
• ISSN: 0043-1745; 1550-2759
• DOI: 10.1614/0043-1745%282000%29048%5B0302%3ADAOAFS%5D2.0.CO%3B2

Differential activities of BOA, DIBOA, and crude water extract of Secale cereale ‘Elbon’ were studied in culture dish bioassays using several vegetable and weed species. On average, DIBOA was about seven times more inhibitory to root growth and four times more inhibitory to shoot growth than BOA. Allelochemicals from S. cereale inhibited shoot more than root elongation of cucurbits Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, and Cucurbita pepo. Small-seeded crops Lycopersicon esculentum and Lactuca sativa were sensitive to S. cereale. Large-seeded crops, including the cucurbits and Zea mays var. rogusa, were tolerant. Among the small-seeded weeds Amaranthus palmeri, Digitaria sanguinalis, Echinochloa crus-galli, and Eleusine indica, E. crus-galli was least susceptible. Inhibition of germination by BOA or DIBOA occurred only in small- to medium-seeded species, including A. palmeri, D. sanguinalis, E. indica, L. sativa, L. esculentum, and Sida spinosa. Large-seeded species C. melo, C. sativus, C. melopepo, Z. mays var. rogusa, Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula, Ipomoea lacunosa, and Senna obtusifolia were tolerant to allelochemicals from S. cereale. This bioassay indicated a promising potential for controlling small-seeded weeds in large-seeded crops. Nomenclature:BOA, (3H)-benzoxazolinone; DIBOA, 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-(2H)benzoxazine-3-one; Echinochloa crus-galli L. Beauv. ECHCG, barnyardgrass; Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula L. IPOHE, entireleaf morningglory; Eleusine indica L. Gaertn. ELEIN, goosegrass; Digitaria sanguinalis L. Scop. DIGSA, large crabgrass; Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. AMAPA, Palmer amaranth; Ipomoea lacunosa L. IPOLA, pitted morningglory; Sida spinosa L. SIDSP, prickly sida; Senna obtusifolia L. CASOB, sicklepod; Cucumis melo L., cantaloupe; Cucumis sativus L., cucumber; Lactuca sativa L., lettuce; Secale cereale L., rye; Cucurbita pepo var. melopepo L. cv. Alef., summer squash; Zea mays var. rogusa Bonaf, sweet corn; Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., tomato.