Behavioral Evidence for an Impairment of Affective Theory of Mind Capabilities in Chronic Depression

Background: The only treatment specifically developed for chronic depression, the Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP), is based amongst others on the hypothesis that chronically depressed patients (CD) show considerable deficits of affective theory of mind (ToM) capabilitie...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Psychopathology 2015-01, Vol.48 (4), p.240-250
Main Authors: Mattern, Margarete, Walter, Henrik, Hentze, Charlotte, Schramm, Elisabeth, Drost, Sarah, Schoepf, Dieter, Fangmeier, Thomas, Normann, Claus, Zobel, Ingo, Schnell, Knut
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Chronic Disease
Chronic illnesses
Cognition & reasoning
Cognition Disorders
Depression - diagnosis
Female
Humans
Male
Mental depression
Mood Disorders - diagnosis
Neuropsychological Tests
Original Paper
Social Perception
Theory
Theory of Mind - physiology
Citations: Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Background: The only treatment specifically developed for chronic depression, the Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP), is based amongst others on the hypothesis that chronically depressed patients (CD) show considerable deficits of affective theory of mind (ToM) capabilities. Data are scarce, however, and it remains unclear if ToM deficits are specific or if they arise from global cognitive deficits associated with depression. This study investigates the specific deficits of affective ToM abilities in CD. Sampling and Methods: ToM abilities were assessed in 26 medication-free CD and 26 matched healthy controls (HC) by means of a previously established false-belief ToM cartoon task. Since the task allowed an intern control for cognitive factors - operationalized in a visuospatial ToM task - it was possible to investigate specific affective ToM deficits. Results: As hypothesized, the CD showed a significant specific slowdown of affective ToM compared to cognitive ToM (3rd person perspective) when compared to HC. Simultaneously, we observed a general deterioration of all ToM functions in CD. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that CD have a mentalization deficit, specifically for affective ToM functions. This deficit is combined with a general deterioration of ToM functions, most likely attributable to frequently described cognitive deficits in depression.
ISSN:0254-4962
1423-033X
DOI:10.1159/000430450