Acute Intravenous Calcium Antagonist for Suspected Hemiplegic Migraine – A Case Story

• Published in: Case reports in neurology 2017-05, Vol.9 (1), p.98-105
• Main Authors: Rath, Charlotte Lützhøft, He, Jun, Nordling, Mette Maria, Wienecke, Troels
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acute ischemic stroke; Acute stroke evaluation; Brain research; Calcium antagonist; Case Report; Case reports; Headaches; Hemiplegic migraine; Ischemia; iv-rtPA; Migraine; Mutation; Neurology; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Patients; Stroke; Stroke mimics
• ISSN: 1662-680X; 1662-680X
• DOI: 10.1159/000474934

Stroke mimics, like attacks of hemiplegic migraine, are challenging in acute stroke evaluation. We present a 28-year-old woman with a suspected hemiplegic migraine attack with left-sided hemiparalysis. Brain CT with perfusion imaging 1 h 54 min after symptom onset revealed hypoperfusion in the right hemisphere. The patient was treated with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) with no effect. After a subsequent intravenous verapamil infusion, the patient gained full motor function within 10 min. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed 5 h 46 min after symptom onset revealed diffusion restriction in the same area as the hypoperfusion on CT. There were no notable changes on T2 images. The patient stayed clinically in remission, except for reduced sensation for all modalities on the extremities on the left side. Although brain CT 24 h after symptom onset revealed an edema in the same area, an MRI performed 17 days later showed no new infarctions. Young patients with a history of migraine with aura admitted with symptoms of acute ischemic stroke are at risk of insufficient treatment. Calcium antagonists might be considered if there is no effect of first-line treatment with rtPA.