Preferential Recognition of Hydroxyl Radical-Modified Superoxide Dismutase by Circulating Autoantibodies in Patients with Alopecia Areata

Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is a common form of localized, non-scarring hair loss. The cause of AA is unknown but reports suggest an autoimmune etiology, where oxygen free radicals play an important role. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of a hydroxyl radicals (ㆍOH)-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annals of dermatology 2014-10, Vol.26 (5), p.576
Main Author: Abdullateef A. Alzolibani
Format: Article
Language:Korean
Subjects:
Alopecia areata
Autoimmunity
OH-SOD
Reactive oxygen species
Superoxide dismutase
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Summary:Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is a common form of localized, non-scarring hair loss. The cause of AA is unknown but reports suggest an autoimmune etiology, where oxygen free radicals play an important role. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of a hydroxyl radicals (ㆍOH)-modified antioxidant enzyme, superoxide dismutase (SOD), in AA autoimmunity. Methods: SOD was modified by ㆍOH radicals. Binding characteristics of autoantibodies in AA patients (n=26) against ㆍOH- modified SOD (ㆍOH-SOD) were evaluated by immunoassays and the results were compared with those of healthy, age-matched controls (n=30). The effects of ㆍOH radicals on immunoglobulin G (IgG) isolated from AA patients werestudied. Results: Highly specific binding to ㆍOH-SOD was observed in 32% of the samples of patient sera, whereas normal human sera showed negligible binding with either antigen. Competitive inhibition immunoassays reiterated the results from direct binding. Protein-A-purified IgG from AA patients (AA-IgG) also showed strong binding to ㆍOH- SOD as compared to IgG from normal human controls (p＜ 0.001). In addition, AA-IgG from patients with alopecia universalis recognized ㆍOH-SOD to a greater extent than did AA-IgG from patients with the patchy, persistent type of alopecia. Furthermore, sera from AA patients had lower levels of SOD activity as compared to control sera. Conclusion: This is the first report showing an association between ㆍOH-modified SOD and AA. These novel results demonstrate that ㆍOH radical-mediated changes in SOD present unique neo-epitopes that might contribute to antigen-driven antibody induction in AA. (Ann Dermatol 26(5) 576∼583, 2014)
ISSN:1013-9087
2005-3894