Development of pre-procedure virtual simulation for challenging interventional procedures: an experimental study with clinical application

Background: Most pain management techniques for challenging procedures are still performed under the guidance of the C-arm fluoroscope although it is sometimes difficult for even experienced clinicians to understand the modified threedimensional anatomy as a two-dimensional X-ray image. To overcome...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Korean journal of pain 2022-10, Vol.35 (4), p.403-412
Main Authors: Seong, Hyunyoung, Yun, Daehun, Yoon, Kyung Seob, Kwak, Ji Soo, Koh, Jae Chul
Format: Article
Language:Korean
Subjects:
Computer Simulation
Computer-Assisted Instruction
Epidural
Humans
Hypogastric Plexus
Injections
Pain Management
Simulation Training
Tomography
Trigeminal Ganglion
User-Computer Interface
Virtual Reality
X-Ray Computed
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Summary:Background: Most pain management techniques for challenging procedures are still performed under the guidance of the C-arm fluoroscope although it is sometimes difficult for even experienced clinicians to understand the modified threedimensional anatomy as a two-dimensional X-ray image. To overcome these difficulties, the development of a virtual simulator may be helpful. Therefore, in this study, the authors developed a virtual simulator and presented its clinical application cases. Methods: We developed a computer program to simulate the actual environment of the procedure. Computed tomography (CT) Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) data were used for the simulations. Virtual needle placement was simulated at the most appropriate position for a successful block. Using a virtual C-arm, the authors searched for the position of the C-arm at which the needle was visualized as a point. The positional relationships between the anatomy of the patient and the needle were identified. Results: For the simulations, the CT DICOM data of patients who visited the outpatient clinic was used. When the patients revisited the clinic, images similar to the simulated images were obtained by manipulating the C-arm. Transforaminal epidural injection, which was difficult to perform due to severe spinal deformity, and the challenging procedures of the superior hypogastric plexus block and Gasserian ganglion block, were successfully performed with the help of the simulation. Conclusions: We created a pre-procedural virtual simulation and demonstrated its successful application in patients who are expected to undergo challenging procedures.
ISSN:2005-9159
2093-0569