Lithium-silica nanosalt as a low-temperature electrolyte additive for lithium-ion batteries

A lithium-modified silica nanosalt (Li–SiO2, coded Li202) of hydrophobic fumed silica (R202) is synthesized to use as an electrolyte additive for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) under low temperature conditions. The synthesis method consists of reacting the silica nanoparticles with LiH and consequentl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current applied physics 2016, 16(6), , pp.611-617
Main Authors: Hamenu, Louis, Lee, Hae Soo, Latifatu, Mohammed, Kim, Kwang Man, Park, Jongwook, Baek, Yong Gu, Ko, Jang Myoun, Kaner, Richard B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Additives
Carbonates
Electrolyte additive
Electrolytes
Fumed silica
Lithium-ion batteries
Lithium-modified nanosalt
Nanostructure
Rechargeable batteries
Silicon dioxide
Synthesis (chemistry)
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Summary:A lithium-modified silica nanosalt (Li–SiO2, coded Li202) of hydrophobic fumed silica (R202) is synthesized to use as an electrolyte additive for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) under low temperature conditions. The synthesis method consists of reacting the silica nanoparticles with LiH and consequently quickly reacting the conjugate silicate ions with 1,3-propanesultone as a surface stabilizer. The obtained Li202 nanosalt (2.5 wt%) is added into an electrolyte solution of 1.0 M LiPF6 dissolved in ethylene carbonate/propylene carbonate/ethylmethyl carbonate/diethyl carbonate (20:5:55:20 vol%) + 2 wt% vinylene carbonate. The electrolyte solution including the Li202 nanosalt shows higher ionic conductivity and superior electrochemical stability over 5 V, which is due to the stabilized surface group. The high-rate capability at −20 °C of the LiCoO2/graphite cell is particularly enhanced by adding Li202 nanosalt. In addition, excellent cycle performance at −20 °C endorses the use of Li202 nanosalt as a low-temperature electrolyte additive for LIBs. •A lithium-modified silica nanosalt (Li–SiO2, coded Li202) of hydrophobic fumed silica (R202) is synthesized.•The obtained Li202 nanosalt (2.5 wt%) is added into an electrolyte solution of 1.0 M LiPF6 dissolved in organic electrolyte.•The electrolyte solution including the Li202 nanosalt shows high conductivity and superior electrochemical stability over 5 V.•The high-rate capability at −20 °C of the LiCoO2/graphite cell is particularly enhanced by adding Li202 nanosalt.
ISSN:1567-1739
1878-1675
DOI:10.1016/j.cap.2016.03.012