Comparative Review of the Socioeconomic Burden of Lower Back Pain in the United States and Globally

• Published in: Neurospine 2024, 21(2), , pp.487-501
• Main Authors: Chang, Diana, Lui, Austin, Matsoyan, Alisa, Safaee, Michael M., Aryan, Henry, Ames, Christopher
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: chronic low back pain; cost of illness; global health; health care economics and organizations; low back pain; medical economics; Review; 신경외과학
• ISSN: 2586-6583; 2586-6591
• DOI: 10.14245/ns.2448372.186

Internationally, the United States (U.S.) cites the highest cost burden of low back pain (LBP). The cost continues to rise, faster than the rate of inflation and overall growth of health expenditures. We performed a comprehensive literature review of peer-reviewed and non– peer-reviewed literature from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for contemporary data on prevalence, cost, and projected future costs. Policymakers in the U.S. have long attempted to address the high-cost burden of LBP through limiting low-value services and early imaging. Despite these efforts, costs (~$40 billion; ~$2,000/patient/yr) continue to rise with increasing rates of unindicated imaging, high rates of surgery, and subsequent revision surgery without proper trial of non-pharmacologic measures and no corresponding reduction in LBP prevalence. Globally, the overall prevalence of LBP continues to rise largely secondary to a growing aging population. Cost containment methods should focus on careful and comprehensive clinical assessment of patients to better understand when more resource-intensive interventions are indicated.