Metformin-Induced Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review with a Practical Approach for Screening, Diagnosing, and Managing Vitamin B12 Deficiency

Metformin is the most widely used antihyperglycemic drug in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Over the past 2 decades, several studies have highlighted a substantial increase in the risk of vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with T2D on metformin therapy. This can lead to several complications an...

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Published in:Korean journal of family medicine 2024, 45(4), , pp.189-198
Main Authors: Yazidi, Meriem, Kammoun, Elyes, Oueslati, Ibtissem, Chihaoui, Melika
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container_title Korean journal of family medicine
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creator Yazidi, Meriem
Kammoun, Elyes
Oueslati, Ibtissem
Chihaoui, Melika
description Metformin is the most widely used antihyperglycemic drug in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Over the past 2 decades, several studies have highlighted a substantial increase in the risk of vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with T2D on metformin therapy. This can lead to several complications and induce or exacerbate peripheral neuropathy. Despite these data, there are no definite guidelines for screening, diagnosing, and treating vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with T2D on metformin therapy. Therefore, in this narrative review, we aimed to suggest a practical diagnostic and therapeutic strategy to address vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with T2D receiving metformin treatment. Clinical evidence supporting an increased risk of vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with T2D on metformin therapy and its risk factors and potential complications are also discussed.
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title Metformin-Induced Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review with a Practical Approach for Screening, Diagnosing, and Managing Vitamin B12 Deficiency
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