A Key Mediator and Imaging Target in Alzheimer’s Disease: Unlocking the Role of Reactive Astrogliosis Through MAOB

Astrocytes primarily maintain physiological brain homeostasis. However, under various pathological conditions, they can undergo morphological, transcriptomic, and functional transformations, collectively referred to as reactive astrogliosis. Recent studies have accumulated lines of evidence that rea...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nuclear medicine and molecular imaging 2024, 58(4), , pp.177-184
Main Authors: Nam, Min-Ho, Na, Heesu, Justin Lee, C., Yun, Mijin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cardiology
Homeostasis
Imaging
Medical imaging
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Nuclear Medicine
Oncology
Orthopedics
Pathology
Positron emission
Radiology
Review
방사선과학
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Summary:Astrocytes primarily maintain physiological brain homeostasis. However, under various pathological conditions, they can undergo morphological, transcriptomic, and functional transformations, collectively referred to as reactive astrogliosis. Recent studies have accumulated lines of evidence that reactive astrogliosis plays a crucial role in the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In particular, monoamine oxidase B, a mitochondrial enzyme mainly expressed in astrocytes, significantly contributes to neuronal dysfunction and neurodegeneration in AD brains. Moreover, it has been reported that reactive astrogliosis precedes other pathological hallmarks such as amyloid-beta plaque deposition and tau tangle formation in AD. Due to the early onset and profound impact of reactive astrocytes on pathology, there have been extensive efforts in the past decade to visualize these cells in the brains of AD patients using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. In this review, we summarize the recent studies regarding the essential pathological importance of reactive astrocytes in AD and their application as a target for PET imaging.
ISSN:1869-3474
1869-3482
DOI:10.1007/s13139-023-00837-y