Reduced gene expression at the branch point of chlorophyll and heme biosynthesis in Arctic Chlorella ArM0029B

The gene expression at the branch point of chlorophyll and heme synthesis in the model microalga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii , is different from that of higher plants. Another green alga, Arctic Chlorella , was recently isolated from Arctic sea ice and may be a promising candidate for a biofuel. To u...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plant biotechnology reports 2017, 11(1), , pp.9-15
Main Authors: Jayaraman, Vikramathithan, Hwangbo, Kwon, Lim, Jong-Min, Min, Sung Ran, Ahn, Joon-Woo, Choi, Dong-Woog, Jeong, Won-Joong
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agriculture
Algae
Analysis
Aquatic plants
Biodiesel fuels
Biofuels
Bioinformatics
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biosynthesis
Biotechnology
Cell Biology
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Chlorella
Chlorophyll
Chloroplasts
Energy research
Enzymes
Flowers & plants
Gene expression
Genomes
Life Sciences
Localization
Metabolism
Microalgae
Microscopy
Original Article
Photosynthesis
Plant Biochemistry
Plant Sciences
Research centers
Sea ice
Studies
Transfer RNA
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Summary:The gene expression at the branch point of chlorophyll and heme synthesis in the model microalga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii , is different from that of higher plants. Another green alga, Arctic Chlorella , was recently isolated from Arctic sea ice and may be a promising candidate for a biofuel. To understand the chlorophyll metabolic pathway and relevant nuclear gene expression in Chlorella sp., we characterized chlorophyll-deficient mutants of the Arctic Chlorella sp. ArM0029B. First, we characterized the chlorophyll and heme biosynthetic pathways based on genes identified by bioinformatics analysis of the genome of Arctic Chlorella sp. ArM0029B. Then, we isolated and analyzed nine chlorophyll-deficient mutants that showed reduced expression of the ChlM gene, which encodes Mg-protoporphyrin methyltransferase. Expression of 5-amino levulinic acid dehydratase (encoded by ALAD ) and glutamyl-tRNA reductase (encoded by HemA ) was reduced in all nine independent mutants compared to wild type. These results indicated that Arctic Chlorella ArM0029B may have a regulatory mechanism of gene expression at earlier steps of the Mg-porphyrin branch that is more similar to higher plants than to the microalga C. reinhardtii . This study provides useful insight into the regulation of porphyrin precursor formation in Chlorella and related microalgae.
ISSN:1863-5466
1863-5474
DOI:10.1007/s11816-017-0424-0