Effects of Antibiotics on the Development of Asthma and Other Allergic Diseases in Children and Adolescents

Our aim was to explore whether antibiotic exposure in children and adolescents is associated with the later development of allergic diseases, using nationwide population-based claims data. We collected information from the National Health Insurance Service (2006-2015) database. A total of 5,626,328...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Allergy, asthma & immunology research 2018, Asthma & Immunology Research, 10(5), , pp.457-465
Main Authors: Kim, Do Hyun, Han, Kyungdo, Kim, Soo Whan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescents
Allergic diseases
Allergic rhinitis
Antibiotics
Asthma
Atopic dermatitis
Children
Dermatitis
Exposure
Health care
Health risks
Histamine
Mathematical models
Original
Regression analysis
Rhinitis
Teenagers
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Summary:Our aim was to explore whether antibiotic exposure in children and adolescents is associated with the later development of allergic diseases, using nationwide population-based claims data. We collected information from the National Health Insurance Service (2006-2015) database. A total of 5,626,328 children and adolescents were eligible for the study. We explored whether exposure to antibiotics over the prior 7 years affects the later development of allergic diseases. We ran 3 analytical models after adjusting for confounding factors including age, sex, the number of visits to healthcare providers, income, and the place of residence (urban/rural). Allergic diseases were most common in male children and those aged < 10 years (atopic dermatitis, asthma and allergic rhinitis; all P < 0.01). Also, urban residents with higher incomes were more likely to develop allergic diseases (all P < 0.01). The annual number of days on which antibiotics were prescribed differed significantly between subjects with each allergic disease studied and a comparison group (all P < 0.01). Multiple logistic regression showed that as the duration of antibiotic exposure increased, the incidences of atopic dermatitis, asthma, and allergic rhinitis trended upward, even after adjusting for confounding factors (P for trend < 0.01). Antibiotic use early in life is associated with an increased risk of allergic disease, especially in young children; the risk increases as the duration of antibiotic therapy rises. Moreover, urban residence was more strongly associated with a longer duration of antibiotic use than was rural residence.
ISSN:2092-7355
2092-7363
DOI:10.4168/aair.2018.10.5.457