Influence of Crosslinking Density on Antioxidant Nanocellulose in Bio-degradation and Mechanical Properties of Nitrile Rubber Composites

Nanocellulose antioxidant (Aox-NCC) was used as reinforcement and crosslinking agent in nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) composites. The crosslinking density and volume of rubber bonded in the matrix were increased up to 3 phr and no significant improvement between 4 phr and 5 phr was recorded. The in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Fibers and polymers 2019, 20(1), , pp.165-176
Main Authors: Taib, Mohamad Nurul Azman Mohammad, Yehye, Wageeh A., Julkapli, Nurhidayatullaili Muhd
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antioxidants
Biodegradation
Butadiene
Carbonyl groups
Carbonyls
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Composite materials
Cracks
Crosslinking
Density
Elongation
Fourier transforms
Gallic acid
Mechanical properties
Nitrile rubber
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Polymer Sciences
Soil testing
Stability analysis
Tear strength
Thermal stability
Thermogravimetry
섬유공학
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Summary:Nanocellulose antioxidant (Aox-NCC) was used as reinforcement and crosslinking agent in nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) composites. The crosslinking density and volume of rubber bonded in the matrix were increased up to 3 phr and no significant improvement between 4 phr and 5 phr was recorded. The interactions of gallic acid and NCC was found to occur between the -OH and -COOH groups, as revealed by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis. Crystallinity index of Aox-NCC was increased more than 11 %, recorded by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Meanwhile, the thermal stability of Aox-NCC was increased 30°C, analyzed by thermogravimetry (TG). With the addition of 3 phr Aox-NCC, tensile strength and modulus at 500 % for NBR composites were increased significantly up to 20 %. There was no significant improvement on modulus at 100 %, modulus at 300 %, elongation at break and tear strength. The degradability of NBR composites within 6 months period was improved significantly at 5 phr of Aox- NCC. Increase in carbonyl group after soil burial test with the existence of cracks, voids and degradable parts of NBR composites were revealed. This demonstrated that, Aox-NCC plays a secure function to reinforce NBR composites.
ISSN:1229-9197
1875-0052
DOI:10.1007/s12221-019-8575-y