Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Diabetes. Part I: Epidemiology and Diagnosis

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetes are common metabolic disorders whose prevalence rates are expected to rise worldwide, corresponding to aging and increasingly obese populations. Compared to the general population (around 25%), 50% to 70% of people with diabetes have NAFLD, and N...

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Published in:Diabetes & metabolism journal 2019, 43(1), 171, pp.31-45
Main Authors: Lee, Yong Ho, Cho, Yongin, Lee, Byung Wan, Park, Cheol Young, Lee, Dae Ho, Cha, Bong Soo, Rhee, Eun Jung
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomarkers - metabolism
Biopsy
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology
Diagnosis
Elasticity Imaging Techniques - methods
Epidemiology
Female
Humans
Liver - pathology
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Male
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - complications
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - diagnostic imaging
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - epidemiology
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - metabolism
Prevalence
Review
Risk Factors
Severity of Illness Index
Tomography, X-Ray Computed - methods
Ultrasonography - methods
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Summary:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetes are common metabolic disorders whose prevalence rates are expected to rise worldwide, corresponding to aging and increasingly obese populations. Compared to the general population (around 25%), 50% to 70% of people with diabetes have NAFLD, and NAFLD severity (including fibrosis) tends to be worsened by the presence of diabetes. NAFLD is considered an emerging risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus and a contributor to the development of chronic diabetes-related complications. This reciprocal relationship demonstrates the importance of confirming suspected NAFLD in patients with diabetes. Due to the invasive nature of liver biopsy to assess NAFLD status, various alternative non-invasive modalities have been developed and validated. Here, we summarized the epidemiology of NAFLD in patients with diabetes and reviewed currently available imaging modalities and biomarker-based prediction models for their ability to detect liver steatosis and/or fibrosis.
ISSN:2233-6079
2233-6087
DOI:10.4093/dmj.2019.0011