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Catalytic cracking of inedible camelina oils to hydrocarbon fuels over bifunctional Zn/ZSM-5 catalysts

Catalytic cracking of camelina oils to hydrocarbon fuels over ZSM-5 and ZSM-5 impregnated with Zn 2+ (named bifunctional catalyst) was individually carried out at 500 °C using a tubular fixed-bed reactor. Fresh and used catalysts were characterized by ammonia temperature-programmed desorption (NH 3...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Korean journal of chemical engineering 2015, 32(8), 185, pp.1528-1541
Main Authors: Zhao, Xianhui, Wei, Lin, Julson, James, Gu, Zhengrong, Cao, Yuhe
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Catalytic cracking of camelina oils to hydrocarbon fuels over ZSM-5 and ZSM-5 impregnated with Zn 2+ (named bifunctional catalyst) was individually carried out at 500 °C using a tubular fixed-bed reactor. Fresh and used catalysts were characterized by ammonia temperature-programmed desorption (NH 3 -TPD), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and nitrogen isothermal adsorption/desorption micropore analyzer. The effect of catalysts on the yield rate and qualities of products was discussed. The loading of Zn 2+ to ZSM-5 provided additional acid sites and increased the ratio of Lewis acid site to Brønsted acid site. BET results revealed that the surface area and pore volume of the catalyst decreased after ZSM-5 was impregnated with zinc, while the pore size increased. When using the bifunctional catalyst, the pH value and heating value of upgraded camelina oils increased, while the oxygen content and moisture content decreased. Additionally, the yield rate of hydrocarbon fuels increased, while the density and oxygen content decreased. Because of a high content of fatty acids, the distillation residues of cracking oils might be recycled to the process to improve the hydrocarbon fuel yield rate.
ISSN:0256-1115
1975-7220
DOI:10.1007/s11814-015-0028-8