Characteristics and Variability of Carbonaceous Aerosols over a Semi Urban Location in Garhwal Himalayas

Extraction of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) were carried out over Srinagar, India, an ecologically sensitive semi-urban site in Garhwal Himalays. The PM 2.5 sampling was carried out during January to December, 2017 over the site. The OC and EC were extracted from PM 2.5 samples using...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Asia-Pacific journal of atmospheric sciences 2020, 56(3), , pp.455-465
Main Authors: Sandeep, K., Negi, R. S., Panicker, A. S., Gautam, Alok Sagar, Bhist, D. S., Beig, G., Murthy, B. S., Latha, R., Singh, Santosh, Das, S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aerosols
Anthropogenic factors
Atmospheric Sciences
Biomass
Biomass burning
Boundary layer dynamics
Boundary layers
Carbon
Climatology
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Forest fires
Geophysics/Geodesy
Meteorology
Monsoons
Organic carbon
Original Article
Particulate matter
Seasons
Urban areas
Variability
Vehicle emissions
Wind
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Summary:Extraction of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) were carried out over Srinagar, India, an ecologically sensitive semi-urban site in Garhwal Himalays. The PM 2.5 sampling was carried out during January to December, 2017 over the site. The OC and EC were extracted from PM 2.5 samples using a thermo optical OC/EC analyzer. Highest OC and EC concncentrations were found during postmonsoon (17.67 ± 1.1 μg/m 3 OC and 6.34 ± 0.75 EC) and Winter (17.31 ± 3.045 μg/m 3 OC and 6.32 ± 0.585 μg/m 3 EC) seasons are attributed to boundary layer dynamics and anthropogenic activities. The lower concentration of OC/EC was observed during monsoon season (11.64 ± 1.75 μgm −3 OC and 3.46 ± 0.19μgm −3 EC) owing to wet scavenging of aerosols and minimum count of forest fire/biomass buring incidences. Both pre-monsoon and post-monsoon season concentrations are also influenced by biomass burning in the IGP (Indo-Gangetic Plain) region and forest fires in the adjecent areas. The OC/EC ratio sounds that vehicular exhaust and biomass burning are the major source of OC/EC over the site. Generation of secondary organic carbon (SOC) at the region causes variability in OC/EC ratio in different seasons. It is found that 24–32% of PM2.5 is contributed by carbonaceous aerosols (OC and EC) over Srinagar. The pivotal role of meteorology in modulating OC/EC concentrations has been illustared in detail.
ISSN:1976-7633
1976-7951
DOI:10.1007/s13143-019-00158-1