New laboratory techniques (novel) in making organic-mineral mulch to control wind and water erosion and its use in global scale

• Published in: Spatial information research (Online) 2021, 29(1), 118, pp.97-107
• Main Authors: Shojaei, Saeed, Ardakani, Mohammad Ali Hakimzadeh, Sodaiezadeh, Hamid, Jafari, Mohammad, Afzali, Seyed Fakhreddin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Database Management; Earth and Environmental Science; Geographical Information Systems/Cartography; Geography; Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry; 공학일반
• ISSN: 2366-3286; 2366-3294
• DOI: 10.1007/s41324-020-00335-9

In recent decades, wind erosion is increasing across the world as a result of climate change and drought. Therefore, in this study we aim to make mulch with new formulation in order to control wind and water erosion. The materials have been chosen based on their efficiency, availability, and cheapness. Also, cement, gypsum, lime, and blackstrap mixture were selected to make organic-mineral mulch. Moreover, we applied response surface method to design and optimize the conditions of the experiment. In this study, we applied central composite design using 10–50 g of gypsum, 12.5–62.5 g of lime, 2.5–12.5 g of blackstrap, and 2.5–12.5 g of cement. The results showed that as all materials cause an increase in the resistance of soil as they are used more, and ultimately they lead to a decrease in erosion except for gypsum which has opposite reaction in high density. Furthermore, in order to reach the minimum wind erosion, a mixture of cement 6.43 g, blackstrap 9.25 g, gypsum 37.26 g, lime 48.92 g was suggested by design-expert software. Based on this experiment, the lowest minimum amount of water erosion was obtained when 5.86 g of blackstrap, 5.13 g of cement, 31.65 g of gypsum, and 46.83 g of lime were applied in the mixture. Analysis of variance showed that data simulation and comparison with real data are highly accurate. (90% accurate) Therefore, the formulation in this study has enough standards to be utilized to control erosion in many regions in the world.