Epigenomic and transcriptomic analysis of chronic inflammatory diseases

Chronic inflammatory diseases (CIDs) have complex pathologies that result from aberrant and persistent immune responses. However, the precise triggers and mechanisms remain elusive. An important aspect of CID research focuses on epigenetics modifications, which regulate gene expression and provide a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Genes & genomics 2021, 43(3), , pp.227-236
Main Authors: Tam, Sabrina Ka Man, Leung, Danny Chi Yeu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal Genetics and Genomics
Animals
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Chronic Disease
Epigenesis, Genetic
Epigenetics
Etiology
Gene expression
Gene Expression Profiling
Human Genetics
Humans
Immune response
Inflammation
Inflammation - diagnosis
Inflammation - genetics
Inflammatory diseases
Life Sciences
Mice
Microbial Genetics and Genomics
Phenotypes
Plant Genetics and Genomics
Regulatory sequences
Review
Transcription
Transcriptome
생물학
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Summary:Chronic inflammatory diseases (CIDs) have complex pathologies that result from aberrant and persistent immune responses. However, the precise triggers and mechanisms remain elusive. An important aspect of CID research focuses on epigenetics modifications, which regulate gene expression and provide a dynamic transcriptional response to inflammation. In recent years, mounting evidence has demonstrated an association between epigenomic and transcriptomic dysregulation and the phenotypes of CIDs. In particular, epigenetic changes at cis -regulatory elements have provided new insights for immune cell-specific alterations that contribute to disease etiology. Furthermore, the advancements in single-cell genomics provide novel solutions to cell type heterogeneity, which has long posed challenges for CID diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we discuss the current state of epigenomics research of CID and the insights derived from single-cell transcriptomic and epigenomic studies.
ISSN:1976-9571
2092-9293
DOI:10.1007/s13258-021-01045-8