Associations of Serum Lipid Level with Gastric Cancer Risk, Pathology, and Prognosis

• Published in: Cancer research and treatment 2021, 53(2), , pp.445-456
• Main Authors: Pih, Gyu Young, Gong, Eun Jeong, Choi, Ji Young, Kim, Min-Ju, Ahn, Ji Yong, Choe, Jaewon, Bae, Suh Eun, Chang, Hye-Sook, Na, Hee Kyong, Lee, Jeong Hoon, Jung, Kee Wook, Kim, Do Hoon, Choi, Kee Don, Song, Ho June, Lee, Gin Hyug, Jung, Hwoon-Yong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Case-Control Studies; Female; Humans; Lipids - blood; Male; Middle Aged; Original; Prognosis; Risk Factors; Stomach Neoplasms - etiology; Stomach Neoplasms - physiopathology; 의학일반
• ISSN: 1598-2998; 2005-9256
• DOI: 10.4143/crt.2020.599

The association of serum lipids with gastric cancer is controversial. We clarified the role of serum lipids in the development, progression, and prognosis of gastric cancer. In total, 412 patients diagnosed with gastric cancer were prospectively recruited, and 2,934 control subjects who underwent screening endoscopy were enrolled from December 2013 to March 2017 to conduct a case-control study in a tertiary center. Serum lipid profiles, including total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), and apolipoprotein B, and clinicopathologic characteristics were analyzed. The gastric cancer group showed significantly lower HDL-C, higher LDL-C, and lower apoA-I level than the control group. In multivariate analysis, old age (odds ratio [OR], 1.051; p < 0.001), smoking (OR, 1.337; p < 0.001), a family history of gastric cancer (OR, 2.038; p < 0.001), Helicobacter pylori seropositivity (OR, 4.240; p < 0.001), lower HDL-C (OR, 0.712; p=0.020), and higher LDL-C (p=0.002) were significant risk factors for gastric cancer. Lower HDL-C and higher LDL-C remained significant after adjustments for covariates, including age and sex. In a subgroup analysis of the gastric cancer group, lower TG levels were associated with undifferentiated histology. No serum lipids were associated with overall survival. Lower HDL-C and higher LDL-C were associated with the risk of gastric cancer, even after adjusting for age, sex, and other factors. In the gastric cancer group, undifferentiated histology was associated with lower TG levels.