Effectiveness of Convalescent Plasma Therapy in Severe or Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study

• Published in: Yonsei medical journal 2021, 62(9), , pp.799-805
• Main Authors: Cho, YunSuk, Sohn, YuJin, Hyun, JongHoon, Baek, YaeJee, Kim, MooHyun, Kim, JungHo, Ahn, JinYoung, Jeong, SuJin, Ku, NamSu, Yeom, Joon Sup, Ahn, MiYoung, Oh, DongHyun, Choi, JaePhil, Kim, SinYoung, Lee, KyoungHwa, Song, YoungGoo, Choi, JunYong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; COVID-19 - therapy; COVID-19 Serotherapy; Critical Illness; Humans; Immunization, Passive; Original; Retrospective Studies; United States; 의학일반
• ISSN: 0513-5796; 1976-2437; 1976-2437
• DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2021.62.9.799

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a novel respiratory infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); there are few specific treatments. Convalescent plasma (CP), donated by people who have recovered from COVID-19, is an investigational therapy for severe or critically ill patients with COVID-19. This retrospective cohort study evaluated the effectiveness of CP therapy in patients with severe or life-threatening cases of COVID-19 at two hospitals in Seoul, Korea, between May and September 2020. Clinical outcomes were evaluated in 20 patients with CP therapy in a descriptive manner. Additionally, the changes in cycle threshold (Ct) values of 10 patients with CP therapy were compared to those of 10 controls who had the same (±0.8) initial Ct values but did not receive CP. Of the 20 patients (mean age 66.6 years), 18 received high-dose oxygen therapy using mechanical ventilators or high-flow nasal cannulas. Systemic steroids were administered to 19 patients who received CP. The neutralizing antibody titers of the administered CP were between 1:80 and 1:10240. There were two ABO-mismatched transfusions. The World Health Organization ordinal scale score and National Institutes of Health severity score improved in half of the patients within 14 days. Those who received CP showed a higher increase in Ct values at 24 h and 72 h after CP therapy compared to controls with similar initial Ct values ( =0.002). No transfusion-related side effects were observed. CP therapy may be a potential therapeutic option in severe or critically ill patients with COVID-19.