Composites derived from synthetic clay and carbon sphere: Preparation, characterization, and application for dye decontamination

• Published in: The Korean journal of chemical engineering 2022, 39(4), 265, pp.1053-1064
• Main Authors: Dat, Nguyen Duy, Loc, Ton That, Trieu, Mai Thuan, Nguyen, Dong Thanh, Nguyen, Khuong Quoc, Nguyen, My Linh, Le, Anh Duy Duong, Tran, Hai Nguyen
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adsorption; Aluminum; Biotechnology; Carbonization; Catalysis; Cationic dyes; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Clay; Composite materials; Crystal structure; Decoloring; Decontamination; Dyes; Electronic; Functional groups; High temperature; Hydrothermal crystal growth; Hydroxides; Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering; Inorganic; Materials (Organic; Materials Science; Methylene blue; Surface chemistry; Surface stability; Thin Films; Wastewater; 화학공학
• ISSN: 0256-1115; 1975-7220
• DOI: 10.1007/s11814-021-0940-z

Two new composites from synthetic clay-like materials and carbon spheres were developed. Layered doubled hydroxides (LDH) were synthesized from the coprecipitation of Mg 2+ and Al 3+ ions. Spherical hydrochar (SH) was prepared from pure glucose through hydrothermal carbonization at 190 °C. The composite LDH-SH was synthesized through a simple hydrothermal method of the mixture of LDH and SH. Another composite, LDO-SB, was directly prepared through the carbonization of LDH-SH at 500 °C. Under such high temperature, LDH was converted to layered doubled oxides (LDO), and SH was transferred to spherical biochar (SB). Those materials were characterized by chemical stability, surface morphology and element composition, crystal structure, surface functional group, and textural characteristic. They were applied for removing cationic dye (methylene blue; MB) and anionic dye (Congo red; CR) under different pH solutions. Three adsorption components—kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamics—were conducted under batch experimenters. Results demonstrated that the LDH or LDO particles were assembled on the surface of SH or SB, respectively. The surface area, total pore volume, and average pore width of LDH-SH and LDO-SB were 58.5 and 198 m 2 /g, 0.319 and 0.440 cm 3 /g, and 21.8 and 8.89 nm, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of the materials, calculated from the Langmuir model, at 30 °C for CR and MB dyes was 1589 and 78.6 mg/g (LDO-SB) and 499 and 226 mg/g (LDH-SH), respectively. The composites exhibited a higher affinity to anionic than cationic dyes, which resulted from the great contribution of the clay-like materials. Therefore, they can serve as a promising composite for the decolorization of wastewater.