Oil-Miscible and Non-Corrosive Phosphonium Ionic Liquids as Candidate Lubricant Additives

Ionic liquids (ILs) have been receiving considerable attention from the lubricants industry as potential friction and wear-reducing additives, but their solubility in oils is an issue. Unlike most ionic liquids that are insoluble in non-polar hydrocarbon oils, this study reports phosphonium-based IL...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Wear 2012-01, Vol.289
Main Authors: Yu, Bo, Bansal, Dinesh G, Qu, Jun, Sun, Xiaoqi, Luo, Huimin, Dai, Sheng, Blau, Peter Julian, Bunting, Bruce G, Mordukhovich, Gregory, Smolenski, Donald
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ADDITIVES
ANIONS
CATIONS
CHAINS
COMPATIBILITY
FRICTION
HYDROCARBONS
LUBRICANTS
MATERIALS SCIENCE
MOLTEN SALTS
SOLUBILITY
STABILITY
SYNTHETIC MATERIALS
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Summary:Ionic liquids (ILs) have been receiving considerable attention from the lubricants industry as potential friction and wear-reducing additives, but their solubility in oils is an issue. Unlike most ionic liquids that are insoluble in non-polar hydrocarbon oils, this study reports phosphonium-based ILs (PP-ILs) that are fully miscible with both mineral oil-based and synthetic lubricants. Both the cation and anion in quaternary structures, long alkyl chains, and capability of pairing the cation and the anion via a H-O bond are hypothesized to improve the compatibility between ions and neutral oil molecules. The measured viscosities of the oil-IL blends agree well with the Refutas equation that is for solutions containing multiple components. High thermal stability and non-corrosiveness were observed for the PP-ILs. Effective friction reduction and anti-wear functionality have been demonstrated in tribological tests when adding 5 wt% of a PP-IL into a base oil, suggesting potential applications for using the oil-miscible PP-ILs as lubricant additives.
ISSN:0043-1648
1873-2577
DOI:10.1016/j.wear.2012.04.015