Zn–Ni–Co–O wide-band-gap p-type conductive oxides with high work functions

Co3O4-based spinels are a new class of wide-band-gap p-type conductive oxides with high work functions. We examined the structures, conductivities, work functions, and optical spectra of quaternary Zn–Ni–Co–O thin films across the entire spinel region of the ZnO–NiO–Co3O4 diagram using a high-throug...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:MRS communications 2011-11, Vol.1 (1), p.23-26
Main Authors: Zakutayev, A., Perkins, J.D., Parilla, P.A., Widjonarko, N.E., Sigdel, A.K., Berry, J.J., Ginley, D.S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomaterials
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Materials Engineering
MATERIALS SCIENCE
Nanotechnology
Polymer Sciences
solar (photovoltaic), electrodes - solar, charge transport, synthesis (novel materials), synthesis (self-assembly), synthesis (scalable processing)
SOLAR ENERGY
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Summary:Co3O4-based spinels are a new class of wide-band-gap p-type conductive oxides with high work functions. We examined the structures, conductivities, work functions, and optical spectra of quaternary Zn–Ni–Co–O thin films across the entire spinel region of the ZnO–NiO–Co3O4 diagram using a high-throughput combinatorial approach. We found that the conductivity of as-deposited films is maximized (100 S/cm) and optical absorption (at 1.8 eV) is minimized in different regions of the diagram, while the work function of annealed films is high and relatively constant (5.8 ± 0.1 eV). These properties made Zn–Ni–Co–O thin films applicable as p-type interlayers in solar cells. As an example, amorphous Zn–Co–O hole transport layers had good performance in bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic devices.
ISSN:2159-6859
2159-6867
DOI:10.1557/mrc.2011.9