Speciation Matters: Bioavailability of Silver and Silver Sulfide Nanoparticles to Alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

Terrestrial crops are directly exposed to silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and their environmentally transformed analog silver sulfide nanoparticles (Ag2S-NPs) when wastewater treatment biosolids are applied as fertilizer to agricultural soils. This leads to a need to understand their bioavailability t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental science & technology 2015-07, Vol.49 (14), p.8451-8460
Main Authors: Stegemeier, John P, Schwab, Fabienne, Colman, Benjamin P, Webb, Samuel M, Newville, Matthew, Lanzirotti, Antonio, Winkler, Christopher, Wiesner, Mark R, Lowry, Gregory V
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bioavailability
Biological Availability
Biological Transport
Columella
Cytoplasm - drug effects
Cytoplasm - metabolism
Environmental Pollutants - pharmacokinetics
Environmental science
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
fluorescence
Ions
Medicago sativa
Medicago sativa - drug effects
Medicago sativa - metabolism
metal nanoparticles
Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry
Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
Nanoparticles
Plant Roots - chemistry
Plant Roots - drug effects
Plant Roots - metabolism
plants
Silver
Silver - analysis
Silver - pharmacokinetics
Silver Compounds - pharmacokinetics
Soil
Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission
Transmission electron microscopy
Waste Water - chemistry
Water treatment
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Summary:Terrestrial crops are directly exposed to silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and their environmentally transformed analog silver sulfide nanoparticles (Ag2S-NPs) when wastewater treatment biosolids are applied as fertilizer to agricultural soils. This leads to a need to understand their bioavailability to plants. In the present study, the mechanisms of uptake and distribution of silver in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) were quantified and visualized upon hydroponic exposure to Ag-NPs, Ag2S-NPs, and AgNO3 at 3 mg total Ag/L. Total silver uptake was measured in dried roots and shoots, and the spatial distribution of elements was investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and synchrotron-based X-ray imaging techniques. Despite large differences in release of Ag+ ions from the particles, Ag-NPs, Ag2S-NPs, and Ag+ became associated with plant roots to a similar degree, and exhibited similarly limited (
ISSN:0013-936X
1520-5851
DOI:10.1021/acs.est.5b01147