Cold crucible induction melter test for crystalline ceramic waste form fabrication: A feasibility assessment

The first scaled proof-of-principle cold crucible induction melter (CCIM) test to process a multiphase ceramic waste form from a simulated combined (Cs/Sr, lanthanide and transition metal fission products) commercial used nuclear fuel waste stream was recently conducted in the United States. X-ray d...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of nuclear materials 2017-04, Vol.486 (C), p.283-297
Main Authors: Amoroso, Jake W., Marra, James, Dandeneau, Christopher S., Brinkman, Kyle, Xu, Yun, Tang, Ming, Maio, Vince, Webb, Samuel M., Chiu, Wilson K.S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atomic beam spectroscopy
Atomic emission spectroscopy
Atomic properties
Atomic structure
Ceramics
Chemical elements
Cold working
Computer simulation
Consistency tests
Crucibles
Crystal structure
Diffraction
Durability
Electron microscopy
Emission spectroscopy
Fabrication
Feasibility studies
Fission products
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Iron
MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE WASTES FROM NUCLEAR FACILITIES
Mass spectroscopy
Nuclear fission
Nuclear fuels
Spectroscopy
Spectrum analysis
Spent nuclear fuels
Strontium
Waste streams
X-ray diffraction
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Summary:The first scaled proof-of-principle cold crucible induction melter (CCIM) test to process a multiphase ceramic waste form from a simulated combined (Cs/Sr, lanthanide and transition metal fission products) commercial used nuclear fuel waste stream was recently conducted in the United States. X-ray diffraction, 2-D X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy for Cs), and product consistency tests were used to characterize the fabricated CCIM material. Characterization analyses confirmed that a crystalline ceramic with a desirable phase assemblage was produced from a melt using a CCIM. Primary hollandite, pyrochlore/zirconolite, and perovskite phases were identified in addition to minor phases rich in Fe, Al, or Cs. The material produced in the CCIM was chemically homogeneous and displayed a uniform phase assemblage with acceptable aqueous chemical durability.
ISSN:0022-3115
1873-4820
DOI:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2017.01.028