Theory of electromagnetic wave frequency upconversion in dynamic media

Frequency upconversion of an electromagnetic wave can occur in ionized plasma with decreasing electric permittivity and in split-ring resonator-structure metamaterials with decreasing magnetic permeability. We develop a general theory to describe the evolution of the wave frequency, amplitude, and e...

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Published in:Physical review. E 2018-08, Vol.98 (2-1), p.023202-023202, Article 023202
Main Authors: Qu, Kenan, Jia, Qing, Edwards, Matthew R, Fisch, Nathaniel J
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70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY
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description Frequency upconversion of an electromagnetic wave can occur in ionized plasma with decreasing electric permittivity and in split-ring resonator-structure metamaterials with decreasing magnetic permeability. We develop a general theory to describe the evolution of the wave frequency, amplitude, and energy density in homogeneous media with a temporally decreasing refractive index. We find that upconversion of the wave frequency is necessarily accompanied by partitioning of the wave energy into low-frequency modes, which sets an upper limit on the energy conversion efficiency. The efficiency limits are obtained for both varying permittivity and varying permeability.
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subjects 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY
title Theory of electromagnetic wave frequency upconversion in dynamic media
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