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Thermal relic abundances of particles with velocity-dependent interactions
We reexamine the evolution of thermal relic particle abundances for the case where the interaction rate depends on the particle velocities. For the case of Sommerfeld enhancement, we show that the standard analytic approximation, modified in a straightforward way, provides an estimate of the relic p...
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Published in: | Physics letters. B 2010-04, Vol.687 (4-5), p.275-279 |
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container_end_page | 279 |
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container_title | Physics letters. B |
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creator | Dent, James B. Dutta, Sourish Scherrer, Robert J. |
description | We reexamine the evolution of thermal relic particle abundances for the case where the interaction rate depends on the particle velocities. For the case of Sommerfeld enhancement, we show that the standard analytic approximation, modified in a straightforward way, provides an estimate of the relic particle abundance that is accurate to within 10% (in comparison to |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.physletb.2010.03.018 |
format | article |
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B</title><description>We reexamine the evolution of thermal relic particle abundances for the case where the interaction rate depends on the particle velocities. For the case of Sommerfeld enhancement, we show that the standard analytic approximation, modified in a straightforward way, provides an estimate of the relic particle abundance that is accurate to within 10% (in comparison to <1% error for the non-Sommerfeld-enhanced case). We examine the effect of kinetic decoupling on relic particle abundances when the interaction rate depends on the velocity. For the case of pure p-wave annihilation, the effect of kinetic decoupling is an increase in the relic abundance, but the effect is negligible when the kinetic decoupling temperature is much less than the chemical decoupling temperature. For the case of Sommerfeld-enhanced s-wave annihilations, after kinetic decoupling occurs, annihilations continue to change the particle abundance down to arbitrarily low temperatures, until either matter domination begins or the Sommerfeld effect cuts off. We derive analytic approximations to give the final relic particle abundances for both of these cases.</description><subject>Abundance</subject><subject>Approximation</subject><subject>Cosmology</subject><subject>Cut off</subject><subject>Dark matter</subject><subject>Decoupling</subject><subject>Early universe</subject><subject>Elementary particles</subject><subject>Error analysis</subject><subject>Evolution</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Mathematical analysis</subject><subject>Nuclear physics</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Sommerfeld enchancement</subject><subject>The physics of elementary particles and fields</subject><subject>Thermal relic abundances</subject><subject>Velocity-dependent interactions</subject><issn>0370-2693</issn><issn>1873-2445</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkE1rGzEQhkVpoG6SvxCWQulpXX1r99YS-kmgl_QstLMjLCNrt5Kc4n9fGae99jTM8MzMy0PIHaNbRpl-v9-uu1OJWKctp21IxZay4QXZsMGInkupXpINFYb2XI_iFXldyp5SyhTVG_L9cYf54GKXMQbo3HRMs0uApVt8t7pcA8TW_A511z1hXCDUUz_jimnGVLuQKmYHNSyp3JAr72LB2-d6TX5-_vR4_7V_-PHl2_3Hhx6kHGtvnNfKSDCKGj8jAmN8gEFNjgrBqaLzpLDFE3oC5cU4cyZHD35SamKAKK7Jm8vdpdRgS0uEsIMlJYRqmWZGMt2gdxdozcuvI5ZqD6EAxugSLsdijRJGysGMjdQXEvJSSkZv1xwOLp8so_Ys2O7tX8H2LNhSYZvgtvj2-YUr4KLPzVso_7Y510JJxhv34cJhk_IUMJ8zY3M8h3yOPC_hf6_-AIKWlXk</recordid><startdate>20100419</startdate><enddate>20100419</enddate><creator>Dent, James B.</creator><creator>Dutta, Sourish</creator><creator>Scherrer, Robert J.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20100419</creationdate><title>Thermal relic abundances of particles with velocity-dependent interactions</title><author>Dent, James B. ; Dutta, Sourish ; Scherrer, Robert J.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-7af6574c7507fdeec1128c85ba0332050db5e00136bc5f39d2149fcfb55b1cee3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Abundance</topic><topic>Approximation</topic><topic>Cosmology</topic><topic>Cut off</topic><topic>Dark matter</topic><topic>Decoupling</topic><topic>Early universe</topic><topic>Elementary particles</topic><topic>Error analysis</topic><topic>Evolution</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Mathematical analysis</topic><topic>Nuclear physics</topic><topic>Physics</topic><topic>Sommerfeld enchancement</topic><topic>The physics of elementary particles and fields</topic><topic>Thermal relic abundances</topic><topic>Velocity-dependent interactions</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Dent, James B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dutta, Sourish</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scherrer, Robert J.</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Physics letters. B</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Dent, James B.</au><au>Dutta, Sourish</au><au>Scherrer, Robert J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Thermal relic abundances of particles with velocity-dependent interactions</atitle><jtitle>Physics letters. B</jtitle><date>2010-04-19</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>687</volume><issue>4-5</issue><spage>275</spage><epage>279</epage><pages>275-279</pages><issn>0370-2693</issn><eissn>1873-2445</eissn><coden>PYLBAJ</coden><abstract>We reexamine the evolution of thermal relic particle abundances for the case where the interaction rate depends on the particle velocities. For the case of Sommerfeld enhancement, we show that the standard analytic approximation, modified in a straightforward way, provides an estimate of the relic particle abundance that is accurate to within 10% (in comparison to <1% error for the non-Sommerfeld-enhanced case). We examine the effect of kinetic decoupling on relic particle abundances when the interaction rate depends on the velocity. For the case of pure p-wave annihilation, the effect of kinetic decoupling is an increase in the relic abundance, but the effect is negligible when the kinetic decoupling temperature is much less than the chemical decoupling temperature. For the case of Sommerfeld-enhanced s-wave annihilations, after kinetic decoupling occurs, annihilations continue to change the particle abundance down to arbitrarily low temperatures, until either matter domination begins or the Sommerfeld effect cuts off. We derive analytic approximations to give the final relic particle abundances for both of these cases.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.physletb.2010.03.018</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Abundance Approximation Cosmology Cut off Dark matter Decoupling Early universe Elementary particles Error analysis Evolution Exact sciences and technology Mathematical analysis Nuclear physics Physics Sommerfeld enchancement The physics of elementary particles and fields Thermal relic abundances Velocity-dependent interactions |
title | Thermal relic abundances of particles with velocity-dependent interactions |
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