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Short-range order and its impact on the CrCoNi medium-entropy alloy

Traditional metallic alloys are mixtures of elements in which the atoms of minority species tend to be distributed randomly if they are below their solubility limit, or to form secondary phases if they are above it. The concept of multiple-principal-element alloys has recently expanded this view, as...

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Published in:Nature (London) 2020-05, Vol.581 (7808), p.283-287
Main Authors: Zhang, Ruopeng, Zhao, Shiteng, Ding, Jun, Chong, Yan, Jia, Tao, Ophus, Colin, Asta, Mark, Ritchie, Robert O., Minor, Andrew M.
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c601t-aa524d23eab6411b97328b816178f2ce83909749b82ed78ae0e2f368ad988ab13
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container_issue 7808
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description Traditional metallic alloys are mixtures of elements in which the atoms of minority species tend to be distributed randomly if they are below their solubility limit, or to form secondary phases if they are above it. The concept of multiple-principal-element alloys has recently expanded this view, as these materials are single-phase solid solutions of generally equiatomic mixtures of metallic elements. This group of materials has received much interest owing to their enhanced mechanical properties 1 – 5 . They are usually called medium-entropy alloys in ternary systems and high-entropy alloys in quaternary or quinary systems, alluding to their high degree of configurational entropy. However, the question has remained as to how random these solid solutions actually are, with the influence of short-range order being suggested in computational simulations but not seen experimentally 6 , 7 . Here we report the observation, using energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy, of structural features attributable to short-range order in the CrCoNi medium-entropy alloy. Increasing amounts of such order give rise to both higher stacking-fault energy and hardness. These findings suggest that the degree of local ordering at the nanometre scale can be tailored through thermomechanical processing, providing a new avenue for tuning the mechanical properties of medium- and high-entropy alloys. Metal alloys consisting of three or more major elemental components show enhanced mechanical properties, which are now shown to be correlated with short-range order observed with electron microscopy.
doi_str_mv 10.1038/s41586-020-2275-z
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subjects 639/301/1023/1026
639/301/930/328/2082
Alloy systems
Alloying elements
Alloys
Atomic structure
Computer applications
Computer simulation
Electron microscopy
Electronic structure
Energy
energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy
Entropy
Entropy (Physics)
Fourier transforms
Heat resistant alloys
High entropy alloys
Humanities and Social Sciences
Influence
MATERIALS SCIENCE
Measurement
Mechanical properties
Medium entropy alloys
medium-/high-entropy alloys
metals and alloys
multidisciplinary
Observations
Quinary systems
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Short range order
Solid solutions
Solubility
Stacking fault energy
Ternary systems
Thermal properties
Thermomechanical treatment
Transmission electron microscopy
title Short-range order and its impact on the CrCoNi medium-entropy alloy
url http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-02T13%3A32%3A53IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_osti_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Short-range%20order%20and%20its%20impact%20on%20the%20CrCoNi%20medium-entropy%20alloy&rft.jtitle=Nature%20(London)&rft.au=Zhang,%20Ruopeng&rft.aucorp=Lawrence%20Berkeley%20National%20Lab.%20(LBNL),%20Berkeley,%20CA%20(United%20States)&rft.date=2020-05-01&rft.volume=581&rft.issue=7808&rft.spage=283&rft.epage=287&rft.pages=283-287&rft.issn=0028-0836&rft.eissn=1476-4687&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038/s41586-020-2275-z&rft_dat=%3Cgale_osti_%3EA624538858%3C/gale_osti_%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c601t-aa524d23eab6411b97328b816178f2ce83909749b82ed78ae0e2f368ad988ab13%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2406986662&rft_id=info:pmid/32433617&rft_galeid=A624538858&rfr_iscdi=true