Optimal and resilient coordination of virtual batteries in distribution feeders

This paper presents a novel hierarchical framework for real-time, network-admissible coordination of responsive grid resources aggregated into virtual batteries (VBs). In this context, a VB represents a local aggregation of directly controlled loads, such as smart inverters, electric water heaters,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on power systems 2020-12
Main Authors: Brahma, Sarnaduti, Nazir, Nawaf, Ossareh, Hamid, Almassalkhi, Mads
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Convex Optimization
Distributed Energy Resources
Distribution Systems
Hierarchical Control
POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION
Radial Networks
Virtual Battery
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:This paper presents a novel hierarchical framework for real-time, network-admissible coordination of responsive grid resources aggregated into virtual batteries (VBs). In this context, a VB represents a local aggregation of directly controlled loads, such as smart inverters, electric water heaters, and air-conditioners. The coordination is achieved by solving an optimization problem to disaggregate a feeder’s desired reference trajectory into constraint-aware set-points for the VBs. Specifically, a novel, provably-tight, convex relaxation of the AC optimal power flow (OPF) problem is presented to optimally dispatch the VBs to track the feeder’s desired power trajectory. In addition to the optimal VB dispatch scheme, a real-time, corrective control scheme is designed, which is based on optimal proportional-integral (PI) control with anti-windup, to reject intra-feeder and inter-feeder disturbances that arise during operation of the power system. Simulation results conducted on a modified IEEE test system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed multi-layer VB coordination framework.
ISSN:0885-8950
1558-0679