In Situ Analysis of Laser Powder Bed Fusion Using Simultaneous High-Speed Infrared and X-ray Imaging

Laser powder bed fusion is a metal additive manufacturing technique that has received significant scientific and industrial attention over the past decades. However, the quality and reproducibility of parts manufactured by this technique is still a problem. Overcoming this issue requires an understa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:JOM (1989) 2021-01, Vol.73 (1), p.201-211
Main Authors: Gould, Benjamin, Wolff, Sarah, Parab, Niranjan, Zhao, Cang, Lorenzo-Martin, Maria Cinta, Fezzaa, Kamel, Greco, Aaron, Sun, Tao
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Additive manufacturing
Chemistry/Food Science
Cooling
Cooling rate
Earth Sciences
Engineering
Environment
Heat detection
High speed
In Situ Synchrotron and Neutron Characterization of Additively Manufactured Alloys
Infrared analysis
Infrared imaging
Infrared lasers
Lasers
MATERIALS SCIENCE
Melting
metallic 3D printing
Morphology
Physics
Powder beds
Power
Process controls
Process parameters
Solidification
synchrotron x-ray imaging
thermal imaging
X ray imagery
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Summary:Laser powder bed fusion is a metal additive manufacturing technique that has received significant scientific and industrial attention over the past decades. However, the quality and reproducibility of parts manufactured by this technique is still a problem. Overcoming this issue requires an understanding of multiple complex physical phenomena which occur simultaneously during the process. This work illustrates a powerful new technique which synchronizes high-speed x-ray imaging with high-speed infrared imaging to study laser powder bed fusion processes in real time. Using this technique, we demonstrate the simultaneous observation of multiple phenomena including three-dimensional melt pool visualization, vapor plume dynamics, spatter formation, thermal history, and point cooling rates. The paired observation of these dynamic phenomena is critical to understanding the fundamentals of laser powder bed fusion, and the overall impact of process parameters on print quality.
ISSN:1047-4838
1543-1851
DOI:10.1007/s11837-020-04291-5