Deep Learning the Electromagnetic Properties of Metamaterials—A Comprehensive Review

• Published in: Advanced functional materials 2021-08, Vol.31 (31), p.n/a
• Main Authors: Khatib, Omar, Ren, Simiao, Malof, Jordan, Padilla, Willie J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Artificial neural networks; Deep learning; Electromagnetic properties; Machine learning; Materials science; Metamaterials; neural networks; Photonic crystals
• ISSN: 1616-301X; 1616-3028
• DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202101748

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are empirically derived systems that have transformed traditional research methods, and are driving scientific discovery. Artificial electromagnetic materials (AEMs)—including electromagnetic metamaterials, photonic crystals, and plasmonics—are research fields where DNN results valorize the data driven approach; especially in cases where conventional methods have failed. In view of the great potential of deep learning for the future of artificial electromagnetic materials research, the status of the field with a focus on recent advances, key limitations, and future directions is reviewed. Strategies, guidance, evaluation, and limits of using deep networks for both forward and inverse AEM problems are presented. Deep learning is rapidly transforming traditional research methods and driving scientific discovery. Artificial electromagnetic materials (AEMs)—including electromagnetic metamaterials, photonic crystals, and plasmonics—are fields where deep learning has tremendous potential. This comprehensive review article presents deep learning techniques for forward and inverse design of AEMs, with a focus on recent advances, key limitations, and future directions.